Goal setting is a powerful technique for enhancing an athlete's performance. Goals direct an athlete’s attention and efforts and goals encourage an athlete’s determination and resolve. Michael Jordan has said that he took things step by step and set reasonable, manageable goals that he knew he could realistically achieve if he worked hard. Michael Jordan approached goal setting with the end in mind knowing where he wanted to go and focusing on getting there.
There are three types of goal:
- Outcome goals are to do with the desired end result, for example, winning or performing better than someone else.
- Process goals are to do with techniques and strategies to perform well. They help focus attention and help to control performance anxiety.
- Performance goals specify standards to be achieved in play. They are about achieving personal sporting standards and they encourage mastery and excellence and lead to athletes feeling satisfied even if they do not win.